Actualités du GMPCA et de l'archéométrie

Radical changes in the Earth’s biome have occurred over the past 30,000 years, with consequent changes in species ranges and connectivity. How can we best model species dynamics over thousands of years of ecological change? And what are the main environmental drivers underlying these dynamics? There is now a wealth of historic and prehistoric records documenting these processes, including pollen and fossil records, ancient genomes and sedimentary DNA, but a lack of tools limit the insights that can be derived from these records. Our ERC-funded research project - called Spatiotemporal Analytical Modelling for Paleobiology (STAMP) – will serve to link these disparate types of paleobiological records with the methodological tools of spatiotemporal process analysis. As proof of principle, we will analyze various types of paleobiological datasets from northern Eurasia and northwest North America. The postdoctoral fellow will work on one of the first work packages of this project, particularly focusing on megafauna range dynamics in the Arctic and taiga. The first year of the postdoctoral project will involve a period of co-supervision with Dr. Yucheng Wang (University of Cambridge) – an expert in sedimentary genomics. The first focus of the postdoctoral fellow job will involve computationally collecting and assembling a database of paleobiological records from select megafauna species of the Arctic and taiga.

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[Website University of Copenhagen]

Ancient DNA (aDNA) has changed history studies, enabling us to analyze early genetic variation directly. In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the amount of collected aDNA and high-profile investigations. Still, insufficient information about the geographical origin and admixture has limited the usefulness of the collected data. The project aims to develop population genetic models and investigate population history in human and microbial populations. We will study Viking and Israelite populations and bacteria collected from archeological sites. We ask questions like how, where, and when these populations migrated, how did they respond to epidemics, as well as the timing, rate, and extent of adaptive evolution in response to infectious diseases or changes in the environment. We seek to recruit an excellent student interested in doing world-class research at a leading lab. The candidate will work jointly with Dr. Eran Elhaik and experts to develop statistical methods for projects in population genetics and infectious diseases. This is a multi-disciplinary project involving programming and modeling. The successful applicant will develop and apply state-of-the-art paleogenomic tools and write the results for publication in scientific journals. The project will include collaborations with researchers in other disciplines, including biostatistics, cell biology, epidemiology, and molecular biology. It is also expected that the successful applicant will participate in the daily activities at the MCBU unit.

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[Website Lund University]

Applications are invited for a Research Assistant in Cultural Heritage with a particular emphasis on the impact of climate change on historical sites in Istanbul in Turkey as part of the UKRI Arts and Humanity Research Council (AHRC) project entitled "Developing a novel Climate change Risk Assessment Framework for cultural heritage in Turkey- Phase II (CRAFT2)". The successful applicant will be expected to will design and carry out a survey to measure the public's level of awareness about climate change-related impacts on heritage sites where they live and the level of knowledge of the value of the surrounding cultural heritage. The study will also assess the views on the relationship between vulnerability level and the conservation measures of the cultural heritage. The study will include both qualitative and quantitative methods of research. The quantitative data will be analysed via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and the qualitative data will be analysed using inductive data analysis. The spatial distribution will be mapped by using GIS programs. The survey results will be used to inform discussion on policymaking.

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[Website Durham University]

The School of Natural and Built Environment (NBE) at Queen’s University Belfast, is currently seeking to appoint an ambitious and collaborative postdoctoral researcher to join the PIPES (Pollutants in Peatlands: From Sink to Source) research project working on data collection, analysis, synthesis and preparation of papers for publication. The post is a critical role, and as such, the successful applicant will have responsibilities in independent research, day to day lab management, collaborations, writing academic publications, and outreach. The project will involve field and laboratory work, including analysis of peat cores and overseeing a manipulative experiment.

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[Website Queen’s University Belfast]

Your tasks: Collect, prepare and analyse bone and sediments for palaeoproteomic and genetic analyses; Develop and apply new methods for ZooMS.

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[Website University of Vienna]

The V&A is the world’s leading museum of art, design and performance, housing a collection of over 2.8 million objects that document 5,000 years of human creativity from across six continents. As Conservation Scientist you will have the exciting opportunity to work in our newly-refurbished laboratory, where a AHRC £2.3 million grant has enabled the purchase and upgrade of a wide range of microscopes, spectrometers and X-radiography equipment. With experience in the analysis of materials from cultural heritage contexts, as Conservation Scientist you will undertake the analysis of both traditional and modern materials in museum objects, using FTIR, X-ray fluorescence, SEM-EDX, UV-vis-nIR, optical and digital microscopy, Raman microscopy and other appropriate techniques. You will undertake scientific analysis, enabling the delivery of the museum’s Public Programme and strategic objectives in care of collections and research.

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[Website V&A museum]

Le projet de thèse propose de développer un système d’OCT multi-longueur d’ondes afin d’imager les matériaux opaques ou transparents en profondeur, à différentes échelles, avec une très bonne résolution. Les images obtenues seront intégrées avec celles issues de techniques déjà existantes d’imagerie THz / Radar / Thermographie IR stimulée / Photogrammétrie dans l’objectif de les faire se rencontrer dans un même espace pour finalement en créer une symphonie répondant aux objectifs de constat d'état de la constitution structurelle d'un objet ou d'un patrimoine monumental, et/ou de contrôle avant/après restauration. La démonstration sera faite en appliquant l’intégration des différentes données complémentaires à plusieurs types d’œuvres : églises décorées, peintures murales, retables polychromés. Dans une approche multi-échelle, la combinaison des cinq techniques permettra de caractériser de façon non invasive le support, les couches de préparations, les couches picturales (originales et repeints) et le vernis : l’idée étant de pouvoir décrire le système stratigraphique de façon complète avec une résolution adaptée. Ainsi, le nombre de prélèvements sera minimisé et le choix de leur localisation sera précisé de façon optimale ; un constat d’état global 3D pourra enfin être établi, ce qui n’existe pas aujourd’hui. Une extraction multimodale permettra de façon complémentaire d'assurer une vision cohérente et supérieure à l'utilisation des outils indépendamment. Il ne s’agit pas ici de se focaliser sur des éléments d’archéomètrie mais bien d'une approche de compréhension d’organisation des matériaux et donc de conservation préventive. Il s'agira de mettre en cohérence, sur un corpus commun, les éléments collectés à partir des différentes techniques, de les représenter dans un même référentiel en résolvant les problèmes de résolutions spatiales différentes et de captation à différents niveaux de pénétrations en profondeur par des techniques actives ou passives, ce qui rajoute des éléments de difficultés. La nécessité sera alors de définir des éléments de référentiels spatiaux, mettre en place un environnement de métadonnées et de para données suffisant, tout en assurant les éléments de références permettant des collectes à différents niveaux afin de connaître l'évolution des matériaux patrimoniaux ou de vérifier l'efficience d'une opération de restauration.

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[Télécharger l'annonce - PDF 425 Ko]

The main challenge of the Patrimalp project is the development of an integrated and interdisciplinary Heritage Science, in order to ensure cultural Heritage sustainability, promotion and dissemination in contemporary society. The ambition is to produce the forms of intelligibility of a global and moving process which starts from the collection of the raw material, its transformation into a primitive object, different lives as a material (alterations, degradations, transformations ...), and finally from its election as an object of historical and heritage value and its “promotion” into a work of art. This research is applied to understand how colors have been perceived, conceived, used from the late 15th century to early 18th, by craftsmen, scientists, counterfeiters in a specific field (jewelry) that may be reduplicated in other fields (Smith 2010). To make this study possible, the project has started gathering a large collection of textual material made up of alchemical works and collections of natural or artificial objects collected between the late 15th and the 18th centuries curated and largely digitized in European libraries. To narrow the field of research, the corpus will be focused on treaties about making false gems, with recipes of color. The corpus is mainly printed but few manuscripts will also be helpful as compilation of most practiced readings. To better understand the choice of colors for these "wonders", to better understand the connection between separated fields of knowledge (jewelry, chemical experiences, mineralogy, medical or magic lapidary...) we want to reconstruct the recipes for making colored material in its context of thought, whether technical or symbolic, textual or pictorial manifestations. The corpus will combine treaties used by non-artistic practitioners (scientists, craftsmen…) and practical treaties of colors dedicated to artists. To better understand the choice of colors for these "wonders", we want to reconstruct the knowledge transfer between books, authors, sciences and its disposal in recipes for making colored material in its context of thought, whether technical or symbolic. These recipes will constitute a new body of research for literary people and a new data-study case for understanding color and history of knowledge. This corpus indeed offers modes of verbalization, objects and representation inscribed in complex forms of writing and fiction whose modalities and frames of reference remain to be analyzed (accounts of technical, medical or physico-chemical experiments inscribed in fictional worlds or mythological, symbolic descriptions of artifacts, engravings, or materials collected in nature, mines).

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[Télécharger l'annonce - PDF 380 Ko]

The International Symposium on Archaeometry (ISA), hosted by the University of Melbourne will be 27th - 31st May 2024. Please put it in your calendar and start thinking about posters and papers!
The ISA integrates archaeology and natural sciences on all types of objects and materials related to human activity, focusing on developing and promoting scientific techniques to better understand cultural heritage materials, landscapes and environments.
Since the ISA biennial meetings began in the 1960s, this is the first time that the ISA will be held in Australia, as a partnership with the Australasian Research Cluster for Archaeological Science (ARCAS) and the University of Melbourne. The symposium is an opportunity to showcase your research to a broad audience, find out the latest archaeological science developments from national and international colleagues, and make new connections.
ARCAS has an ongoing relationship with The Society for Archaeological Sciences (SAS), who will be providing sponsorship the symposium.
The conference organisers welcome additional partnerships and sponsorships for this fantastic event.
We look forward to seeing you there.

Further details to come at the conference website: https://arcas.org.au/isa2024.melbourne/

L'ingénieur recruté travaillera sein du pôle scientifique Textile du Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques (LRMH). Il / elle participera aux missions de service et de recherche de l'établissement en effectuant des analyses techniques, scientifiques et/ou des activités expérimentales dans le cadre de procédures définies à la demande du responsable de pôle. L'ingénieur recruté sera occasionnellement amené à se déplacer pour se rendre sur des lieux de présentation, de conservation ou de restauration des textiles (musées, réserves, MH, ateliers privés et publics...). Il / elle participera à des programmes de recherche et d'études sur différents aspects scientifiques et techniques des textiles en adaptant et/ou en développant des techniques instrumentales selon le besoin et le contexte (in-situ, en laboratoire, avec ou sans prélèvements) : identification de fibres, étude de filés métalliques, diagnostic de leur état d'altération, conseil en conservation préventive, évaluation de traitements de restauration. Il/elle rédigera des notes et rapports d'études sur les cas qui lui seront confiés. Il/elle participera à des tâches courantes telles que la gestion des stocks liés aux activités du pôle textile ; la maintenance et l'entretien des matériels et instruments du laboratoire ; et il/elle veillera à l'application et au respect des règles d'hygiène et de sécurité. Une bonne sensibilité à la conservation du patrimoine ainsi que des notions élémentaires sur les techniques de conservation seraient nécessaires.

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[Site web CNRS]

The successful applicant will play an active role in developing a vibrant research program and laboratory facilities dedicated to compositional and characterization techniques (X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy), microscopy (Stereo, scanning electron and/or transmission), collagen mass fingerprinting (Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry- ZooMS) and multi element stable isotope applications to modern and archaeological faunal remains and datasets. The applicant must be highly self-motivated, independent, and interested in working within interdisciplinary teams consisting of archaeologists and diverse scientists to investigate and reconstruct past human-animal interactions.

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[Website Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar]

The Institute of Human Origins (IHO) at Arizona State University is recruiting a Postdoctoral Research Scholar in early hominin postcranial anatomy and functional morphology under the supervision of Dr. Yohannes Haile-Selassie. The postdoctoral research scholar will be contributing to a collaborative project studying mid-Pliocene hominin postcrania from Woranso-Mille (Ethiopia), with particular emphasis on their anatomy and functional morphology.

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[Website Arizona State University]