In Europe, birch bark tar is considered as a universal adhesive during prehistory but archaeological data is scarce and scattered. Assessing the role of adhesive substances in prehistoric technology requires cross-institutional training and access to samples from different archaeological contexts ...
Animal hard tissues were highly valuable resources in prehistoric technology. Spears, points and beads made of bone, ivory and antler, for example, are usually recovered in archaeological deposits associated with a range of activities, from dietary to ideological contexts. It is not clear whether ...